英联国际英语论坛--『考试』最新20篇论坛主题-全文

名师指导：四六级备考复习计划规划

it — 2009-3-15 9:14:53

新老交替的大学英语四、六级考试改革已基本定型，其中最为困扰众多考生的无非就是如何进行复习工作，尤其是分值从老题型的 20% 迅猛提升到新题型中 35% 的听力部分。本文将就听力部分的半年复习计划给出一个较为详细的阐述。

时间的分配可以由松入紧地安排，往往我们需要大约 1 至 2 个月左右的时间来对各类语音、语调、语速进行熟悉，这对于听力考试来说是个永恒的话题。这个阶段中笔者推荐考生先对最为正统的英音和美音进行训练。就素材而言可以使用 BBC 和 VOA ，对于听力比较薄弱的同学而言，可以使用 VOA SPECIAL 。这个阶段我们强调对语音、语调、发音特色的熟悉与模仿，听力中很多单词其实从阅读角度而言非常之简单，但就其发音之千变万化而言，却着实是许多考试无法琢磨和领会的。以 2006 年 6 月 24 日考题中短对话第 18 题为例，其中将 madam 读为 ma’am 发音的特色在美音中比比皆是，但却是大多四级考生所无法理解的，这就是源于平时对美音接触过少而产生的。至于英音，虽然中国考生从小接受英音教育，但真正能读得接近英音特色的，即使是教师也凤毛麟角。英音以其保守、高雅、含蓄与做作的统一显现出其作为“绅士、贵妇语言”的独到之处，却往往因为与中国考生自诩的“英音”与之大相径庭而最终难道考生无数。

该阶段主要以跟读与寻找语言感觉为主要目的。因此考生需具备原文部分，在听的时候对每个单词重音、抑扬、平仄等均能有所纪录。在模仿时需尽可能以最原始的方式对发音进行模仿，而切忌在大脑中先形成该单词后再跟读，因为这样的跟读往往是对自己错误发音的强化，所以应该暂时撇开自己固有的对该单词的认识而从“零”开始。当对正统的发音能基本驾驭后，还可以使用一些慢速电影，这些素材就无须模仿了，只需要尽量去感觉该语言，将发音与单词进行对号入座即可。

在第一阶段完成后，语音语调应该基本能模仿各种口音随心所欲地进行一些阅读，如考生可随意选取一段材料，尝试分别用英音和美音来进行朗读并录音，之后可以自我评判自己的水平。

2009高考英语复习：单项选题专项练习200题（01-10）

it — 2009-3-9 8:56:50

1．There is still much to discuss. We shall, ____________, return to this item at our next meeting.
   A．therefore      B．however    C．otherwise   D．briefly

2．The door and the windows were all closed and there was no ___________ of forced entry.
A．scene    B．signal      C．sign        D．sight

3．— Would you have your family get together this New Year’s Day?
   — ___________. We are busy working at that time.
   A．No way    B．Not at all    C．No problem    D．No chance

4．— The National College Entrance Examination is drawing near. All we should do is make the best use of time.
   — I can’t agree more. Every minute ________.
   A．needs            B．counts      C．acquires     D．urges

5．— I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.
   — Oh, it __________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.
A．must have been         B．should have been
C．could have been        D．may have been

6．He has recently ___________ tennis to relax himself.
A．taken off   B．taken up   C．put up   D．put out

7．To our excitement, two _________ of students __________ a success after three years’ hard
work.
   A．scores; scored     B．score; lost   C．scores; made   D．score; scored

8．Our class _________ all fond of singing English songs and we can sing ________ than others.
   A．is; many more       B．are; many more
C．is; much more          D．are; much more

9．The long-lasting meeting __________ in disorder, __________ no conclusion.
A．was ended; reached      B．ended; reaching
C．was ended; reaching      D．ended; to reach

10．If you feel tired and sick of fat foods, that is ___________ you have to go to the hospital for a medical examination.
A．why          B．what         C．when         D．whether

答案：

1---5 A C D B A       6---10 B D B B C

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asdfq1 — 2009-3-3 17:32:04

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托福写作：词汇应用和句子结构

it — 2009-1-16 9:02:27

首先，我们先来看看词汇量。所谓词汇量，从宏观出发指的是你所掌握的单词总数。比如说你为了参加托福考试，整日茶饭不思，大门不出在家苦苦求索，用无数大脑细胞换来的单词记忆量。这个首先保证的是你的阅读能力……

　　TOEFL写作中词汇的选用

　　首先，我们先来看看词汇量。所谓词汇量，从宏观出发指的是你所掌握的单词总数。比如说你为了参加托福考试，整日茶饭不思，大门不出在家苦苦求索，用无数大脑细胞换来的单词记忆量。这个首先保证的是你的阅读能力，当你看到这个单词的时候好像形同陌路，也有点似曾相识，但是可以很大程度上帮助你理解整篇文章的意思，如此一来，你做TOEFL阅读部分的时候，词汇量的大小决定了你对文章的认知程度。可是对于写作而言，这个单词量就要另当别论了，或许你可以有几万个单词在大脑里，可是谈到写作，就很难用单词量来衡量你的具体应用了；换句话说，你认识他们每一个人，但是他们是不是认识你就不好说了。

很多同学背单词的坚韧精神让我佩服不已，但一如既往地记忆的确很好，可是在写作方面还是有很多苦恼：一般是提笔忘字或者高级词汇的使用，还有就是句型过于简单罗列，使得整篇文章缺少亮点和层次感。想要避免提笔忘字，就要谈到词汇要怎么记忆了，纯粹的单词表记忆，破坏了单词之间的联系性，积累写作方面的单词，最好不要逐一地背单词表，按照字母顺序排列的单词，彼此之间的联系太少。针对这一特点，市场上TOEFL写作类的图书都做了很多调整，经常在每篇范文之后附加了文章中好的词汇和短语，这样在你学习了范文的写法之后，再回味一下文章中的词汇精华，一举两得。如果有充分的时间，可以选择一些文字类新闻多一些的英文网站，Yahoo，MSN之类的就不错。通过阅读新闻来积累单词，首先很多社会新闻可以成为我们写作的构思素材，其次多元化的新闻，不容易产生死背单词的枯燥感。

　　关于高级词汇在TOEFL写作中的应用，我觉得要顺其自然。有些考生总是喜欢找一些级别高的单词，甚至是被人冷落的单词进行记忆，这就好像让莎士比亚去考托福一样，级别相差太多。我见过很多学生，尤其是高中生，因为记忆力还保持在茂盛期，所以偏爱这种类型的记忆；这样做的优点在于你的单词量扩展得很好，基本可以参加GRE的考试，缺点就是牺牲太多时间，也会损害记忆能力。针对TOEFL考试，词汇上的升级其实也很简单，我们来看下边这个例子：

　　important  significant  magnificent

　　具体应用到句子中：

　　1. WTO is planning an important conference about commercial regulations.

　　2. It is a significant contribution to the society.

　　3. We have visited the magnificent Forbidden city.

　　这几个词大家都很熟悉，都有“重要，华丽”的意思。可是作为同级比较的形容词，它们之间的关系则是递进式的，其强调的重要或者华丽的程度也在逐渐提升。如果你按照这样的顺序来进行记忆，不但可以记牢这几个单词，而且可以得到如何应用的真谛。所以所谓的高级词汇的应用，要从基础开始，打好基础之后再进行积累，切忌操之过急。再来看看下边这个例子：

　　Humility humiliate humiliated humiliating

　　这几个词汇都是由humility衍生出来的，但是意思大不相同，humility是我们的传统美德，叫做“谦卑”，和pride正好是反义词；而humiliate却是“使人蒙尘”的意思，humiliate和humiliating 一般口语使用偏多，指的是“感觉很丢脸，没有面子”。例如：I feel humiliated 或者 it is humiliating. 有时候，与其花费大量时间去记忆新单词和词组，都不如在已经掌握的单词中进行联想性的扩展来的有效和实惠。其实道理很简单，说一个东西好，很好，到非常好，相当好，甚至好到不能再好，这是一个纵向比较的记忆方法，按照级别的不同进行选择性的记忆和使用。

　　我们再看看下边这个例子：

　　So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk，what a briliant mission!

　　这句话是某英文网站对神舟七号的评价，这个属于句子的倒装，但是强调的内容是amazing。这个词意思很广泛，而且同义词也有很多，例如incredible, wonderful, 甚至unbelievable，这里用amazing是表示难以置信的好，类似incredible，是对太空行走这次任务完成的积极评价，这就是高级词汇的同等记忆了，这几个词都有“美妙，奇妙，难以置信”之类的意思，记忆的方法属于横向比较，也就是说，都是表示好到不能再好之类的意思，但是好的方向不同，所以单词的选择会有区别。

　　托福写作中句子句型的使用

　　我们来看看句子吧。如果说单词是句子的灵魂，那句子就是文章的基石，而句型则是不同品质的基石，可以让整篇文章充满多样的色彩，读起来让人很有兴趣。虽然句型的变化很多，可是针对TOEFL文章的特点，一篇接近300字的议论文，IBT在注重文章的完整性和一致性的同时，也需要文章有精彩的内容。可是文章篇幅有限，我们仅仅需要熟练地应用几个不同的句型，就一定会给评分人留下很深刻的印象了

　　句子中的修辞

　　我们看看下边的几个例句：

　　1. Knowledge will never lieh

　　知之为知之，不知为不知，是智也。

　　这个句子使用了拟人的修辞手法，赋予了knowledge生命，形象化了知识的严谨性，同时也避免了直接翻译的繁琐冗长。

　　2. That information comes very impressively to everyone in the job market。

　　那一信息使所有正在找工作的人为之一震。

　　这个句子也间接使用了拟人的手法，人性化了Information这个词，come可以把人们接受信息的过程表达的更生动。

　　3. Confidence never fails to play a significant role in your entire life

　　自信在你一生中扮演极其重要的角色

　　这个句子中never和fail表示双重否定，用以加强肯定的成分。

　　这几种句子中的修辞手法都可以使句子的意思表达起来更生动，让人读起来容易接受，同时也避免了直接翻译的很多缺点。

　　强调句的应用和举例说明

　　孔子《论语》中的这个经典语句可谓家喻户晓，一句“有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎”道出了中华民族作为礼仪之邦的特点。在托福中，这句话可以应用在关于friendship的文章，这句话直译过来说的是：有朋友从很远的地方来看你难道不是一件很开心的事情吗？通过中文理解，我们知道这句话所强调的部分是：一件很开心的事情。“开心”有很多词汇可以选择，常用的有happy和glad，高级一点的有enjoyable和pleasant，再高级一点的还有incredible和delightful。应用到实际写作中，可以使用it is 做一个强调句来凸显这句话的特点，例如：

　　It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。

　　在这个句子中，除了deightful以外，其他句子成分都很平常，每个人都会写，所以即使是评卷人看到这个句子也不会觉得稀奇，那么作为强调句，恰好是delightful这个词，代表了一种发自心底的喜悦和开心，让读过这个句子的人都有眼前一亮的感觉，这也就达到了强调句的作用。然而happy和glad也都有快乐之意，但是和delightful相比就显得不够级别了，明显高兴的程度不一样，delightful更能显示一种喜悦带来的兴奋，迎接千里迢迢来访的朋友这样的表达最恰当不过了。可以起到强调作用的句型结构有很多，我们能够用到的同位语从句和倒装句都有这样的作用，例如：

　　It is an undeniable fact that human activities harm the Earth.

　　这句话中that后边引导的就是要强调的内容，即an undeniable fact. 为了突出harm the Earth是一个不可否认的事实，做成这样一个句子。

　　Only through effective measures can the government resolve the dispute.

　　这句话强调的就是only后边的effective measures，而且翻译过来是只有同过有效的措施，强调的唯一性，无二法门。

　　倒装句子的特点就是把句子倒过来说，这样的解释过于直白但却很实际。根据英语句型结构特点，因为要强调才会选择去倒装。我们看看下边的两个例子：

　　1. So severe is this problem that we have no alternative but to take some feasible measures to deal with it.

　　2. So amazing are these crewmembers that they have successfully accomplished space walk.

　　句子中划线的部分就是倒装结构的重点强调所在，关于倒装句的作用，前边已然讲过，这里就不多说了。在TOEFL的具体应用中，我们需要在写作实践里进行检验。

　　Only through education can we rise in the world.

　　Only by receiving education can we rise in the world.

从句什么时候使用

　　在托福写作中，从句句型还是应用比较广泛的，常用的主语、宾语从句，定语从句，还有我们讲过的同位语从句。我见过的托福写作范文中，包括CBT和IBT的两类作文，段落中从句出现的频率都是很高的，尤其是第一段introduction中，一般做背景介绍的时候都会使用宾语从句，例如：some people claim that… 在文章的主体部分中，为了体现句式的变化，各种从句交替应用就显得很重要；即使在iBT导入了first draft的概念之后，对文章的内容要求也没有改变要求，需要体现完整性和统一性。有一点值得注意，从句虽好，但不宜过多重复，这就好像美酒虽好，但不要贪杯的道理一样。好钢用在刀刃上，从句的优点是简单句不能比拟的，但只有简单句结合从句，才能体现句子的多变性；也只有全部的句子都为主题句服务，文章的整体性才会更好的体现。以下是议论文写作中比较好的一些从句例子：

　　1. Many experts claim that people should positively participate in garbage recycle.

　　宾语从句，一般出现在首段背景介绍部分。

　　2. Horror movies, in which there might be bleeding and terrifying scenes, are not recommended for children.

　　定语从句，一般在主体部分中比较常见，用以解释说明，达到简化句子的目的。

　　3. As long as you are a student, you should always behave yourself.

　　状语从句，让步状语从句比较常见的使用although或者though来引导，这里介绍一个使用as long as来引导的句子，这个例句可以解释成做一天和尚撞一天钟。

　　4. When it comes to psychology, most people believe that it is a behavioral study.

　　时间状语从句，例句中的应用表示了“当谈到…的时候”，这是一种美式英语中经常出现的句式，口语和书面语都可以使用，推荐各位掌握。

　　谚语的选择和使用方法

　　谚语，即proverb。很多都陪伴我们一路成长，有很多的警世名言都可以应用到写作中，可以给你的文章提升说服力。谚语的应用一般要注意一下几点：

　　第一，要考虑到东西方文化的差异。毕竟我们的文章是给外国友人欣赏的，所以要注意谚语的背景。说句不客气的话，我们上下五千年的历史长河里流淌了太多的文化，有太多东西让这些可爱的阅卷人看不懂了。

　　例如：no pain, no gain 不劳无获，no sacrifice , no gain 不入虎穴，焉得虎子

　　这两个no…no…的成语很多人都知道，其含义可以被全世界人接受，所以在TOEFL的文章中被频繁使用。但是，no hunt, no bark 这个成语，直译过来是说不去打猎就不需要听到狗叫了，成语里的典故讲的是韩信说过的一句话：鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹。这句话我们很容易理解，而因为文化背景的区别，从原文理解起来对西方逻辑有点困难，所以不建议各位在托福的写作中应用。

　　第二，学会灵活地运用谚语。挑选谚语是第一步，接下来的就是你如何去使用它了。比较常见的是作为主旨句出现在段落之中，这个前边提到了一些，例如：Knowledge will never lie 和It’s delightful to have friends from distant lands。表示友谊重要性的还有Friendship never sinks即友谊之船永不沉没，等等。

　　以下提供一些写作中比较常见的好的谚语，希望各位斟酌使用。

　　Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧

　　Patience is the road to understanding 理解万岁

　　All roads lead to Rome 条条大路通罗马

　　Attitudes define everything. 态度决定一切

　　Every coin has its two sides. 有利有弊

　　One’s meat is another’s poison. 己所不欲，勿施于人

　　讲了这么多的句型和从句，应用起来也要注意方法，切忌移花接木，强买强卖。我见过很多考生喜欢写强调句，因为格式简单，模仿起来也容易，但是如果在每一个段落都出现倒装或者强调句，那也就不能凸现强调的意义了，反而让人感觉重复，索然无味。有些时候文章的段落里是不需要大篇幅应用从句的，强行介入的从句反而会使句子读起来文字繁冗罗列，好像负担很重的样子；谚语的使用要谨慎小心，合理的使用可以让阅卷人对你佩服的五体投地，盲目的应用可能会让人曲解你所表达的意思，所以我们不要做画蛇添足的事，对于TOEFL文章而言，更多精力要放在段落的整体性上，不需要应用的语法和词汇就干脆不用，宁缺毋滥。　

　　构思协调结构，结构配合论证，论证揣摩方法，文章才会有整体感和说服力；单词组成句子，句子形成段落，段落构成文章，不仅仅针对TOEFL，任何一篇好的文章都不是一个孤立的个体，而是一点一滴积累起来的，有一种群拥而起的感觉。文章中闪光的词汇和句型，都是点滴的精华，使得你的文章可以让人读后有一种赏心悦目的感觉，如果这样的话，你的作文就成功了，因为只有读者说好的文章才是真正意义上的好文章。

　　以下贡献一篇IBT托福的议论文范文，文章结构上遵循规则，总分总的格式贯穿到底。内容上句式寻求清晰明了，语言也符合first draft的要求，论证则以例证为主导，通篇阅读下来有很好的整体性, 推荐各位考生模仿。

　　Private highway or Public transportation

　　I believe that our government should spend more money on transportation. Here is why.

　　First of all, public transportation such as buses and subways can deliver a great amount of people at the same time. For instance, subways can always transfer hundreds of people to their destinations as soon as possible. Long distance buses will give a handful of help to many people who work in a different city as they live. In addition, local buses are heroes for making our everyday life easier.

　　Secondly, public transportation can effectively relieve the traffic congestion in rush hour. For example, living in a metropolitan like New York or Toronto, people are highly recommended to take public transportation. Not only the gasoline price today is scaring people away, but they always agree that it can take them forever to get out of a traffic jam in rush hour.

　　Last but not least, buses and subways today are typically powered by low emission fuels and even electricity. The government should realize that this will make a great contribution to the city’s environment. In the other hand, environmental problem has been raised as a global concern. I think our government should not consider the future impact of car emissions at last; otherwise they will eventually spend more money from their budget to save the environment.

　　As a matter of fact, highway improvement is somehow required as well. Nowadays, in the city I am living, almost every family owns a car. My parents are living outside the city, they drive to work everyday. In holidays, they will invite me to have a trip. We can plan the trip wherever we want to go. People have more freedom to travel with cars, and it turns out that highways are always occupied during weekend.

　　To conclude, public transportation requires more attention from our government. For instance, such as the quality of buses, the appropriate increase of routes and the safety concerns.

2009年考研英语大纲词汇

it — 2009-1-9 8:54:49

1. a art. 一(个)；每一(个)；(同类事物中)任一个 [元音前]an

2. abandon vt. 离弃，丢弃；遗弃，抛弃；放弃

3. abdomen n. 腹，下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)

4. abide vi. (by)遵守，坚持；(abode)持续，住，逗留

vt. 容忍，忍受；等候

5. ability n. 能力；本领；才能，才干；专门技能，天资

6. able a. 有(能力、时间、知识等)做某事，有本事的

7. abnormal a. 反常的，不正常的，不规则的

8. aboard ad./prep. 在船(飞机、车)上

ad. 上船(飞机)

9. abolish vt. 废除(法律、习惯等)；取消

10. abound vi. 大量存在；(in，with)充满，富于

11. about ad. 在周围；大约

prep. 关于；在周围

a. 准备

12. above a. 上述的

ad. 在上面

prep. 在…之上，高于

13. abroad ad. 到国外，在国外；在传播，在流传

14. abrupt a. 突然的，出其不意的；(行为等)粗鲁无礼的

15. absence n. 缺乏，不存在；缺席，不在；缺席的时间

16. absent a. 缺席的；缺乏的，不存在的；心不在焉的

17. absolute a. 绝对的，完全的；确实的，肯定的

18. absorb vt. 吸收(水、光、蒸汽等)；使全神贯注

19. abstract

a. 抽象的

n. 摘要，梗概

vt. 提取；摘录要点 homograph

20. absurd a. 荒谬的，荒诞的，荒唐可笑的；不合理的

21. abundance n. 丰富，充裕，大量

22. abundant a. 大量(充足)的；(in)丰富(富裕)的

23. abuse vt. 滥用；辱骂；诋毁

n. 滥用；恶习；弊端 homograph

24. academic a. 学院的，大学的；学术性的；理论的

25. academy n. (高等)专科院校；学术社团，协会，研究院

26. accelerate v. 使加速，使增速，促进

vi. 加快，增加

27. accent

n. 口音，腔调；重音(符号)

vt. 重读 homograph

28. accept vt. 接受，领受；认可，同意

vi. 同意，认可

29. acceptance n. 接受，接收，验收，接纳；承认，认可

30. access n. 进入；接入；到达；享用权；入口

vi. 存取 ^^^^^^^^

单项填空题解题技巧十法

it — 2009-1-2 8:56:40

单项填空题解题技巧十法

概要:近几年来，高考英语试题中考查学生基础知识的常规题型单项填空题已逐渐避免单纯地考查语法知识，而是结合语用知识考查语法，突出题目的语境化，口语化，综合化，更加注重考查学生实际运用的能力，从而更 ...

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近几年来，高考英语试题中考查学生基础知识的常规题型单项填空题已逐渐避免单纯地考查语法知识，而是结合语用知识考查语法，突出题目的语境化，口语化，综合化，更加注重考查学生实际运用的能力，从而更增加了题目的灵活性和难度。本文就此探索高考试题中增加试题难度的常见手段及解题技巧，以帮助同学们备战高考，取得佳绩。

一、语境法

在处理知识与能力的关系时，很注意在尽可能真实与自然的语境中考查知识的掌握与运用情况，因而对词语辨析、时态选择和某些语法知识常置于一定的语境中。

1. If you want to change for a double room you’ll have to play ______ $15.

A. another B. Other C. more D. each

由上下文if you want to change for a double room可推知，必须另外再加钱，故用another，“再加15美元”，即another 15 dollars. 故正确答案为A。而C项应为$15 more.

2. ----He promised to come to see you.

€€----But he ____ I’ve been alone.

A. doesn’t B. didn’t C. won’t D. hasn’t

该题是在语境中考查动词的时态，很容易因为前文中“He promised”而误选B项。事实上，应注意“I have been alone.”是分析空格处时态的重要依据。“他不仅过去没有来，而且现在仍然没有来。”故正确答案为D。

3. ----It’s getting late. I’m afraid I must be going now.

€€----OK. _____.

A. Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you

考生容易受中文思维的影响而误选B. 实际上，根据英文习惯表达应选D. A C项不符合语境，see you是很常见的口头语，意思为“再见”，相当于Goodbye / See you soon / See you later.

二、假设法

如果对单项选择题的选项感到困惑，而又难以突破时，我们可以换一个角度，从“假设某项成立”出发，结合题意，进行分析推理，从而打开解题思路，变难为易。

4. It was 3 o’clock _____ they arrived at the station.

A. that B. when C. after D. before

该题正确答案为B. 但很多学生认为这是强调句而选A. 现在假设A选项成立，即：It was 3 o’clock that they arrived at the station. 根据强调句的验证方法，去掉it was…that… 即变为：3 o’clock they arrived at the station. 这显然是错的。因为3 o’clock前缺少介词at 故假设不成立。it在此不属于强调结构，而是指代时间的无人称代词。而选B则是由when引导的时间状语从句。意思为“当他们到达车站时，时间是3点钟。”

5. Is this the factory ____ you visited the other day?

A. the one B. that C. where D. why

对于此题，有些学生选C. 理由是这个定语从句的先行词表示地点。现在假设C是正确的，即Is this the factory where you visited the other day?而在定语从句中的谓语动词visited为及物动词，一定要带宾语，但where是副词，不可能充当宾语，所以假设不成立。由此分析，而得出正确答案应为B.

6. _____ he really means is that he disagrees with us.

A. What B. That C. Why D. If

对于此题，考生不知选A还是选B. 其实答案为A. 现在假设B是正确的，即That he really means is that he disagrees with us. 这样That he really means为一个主语从句，mean为及物动词，缺少宾语，因为that只是起到连接作用，而不能充当宾语，所以假设不成立。

当解题感到困惑时，可以假设某选项为正确答案，将此答案填入句中，对全句结构进行分析。这对解题可以起到良好的启迪和导向作用。

三、突破思维定势法

思维定势是学习过程中形成的一种习惯性的思维倾向。它在语言学习过程中可以起到积极的作用；但也会误导学生不仔细分析问题，生搬硬套地去答题。因此，命题者会有意地利用学生的思维定势，造成学生解题的失误。这样，学生就应当灵活运用所学知识去分析解决问题。

7. ----Is _____ here?

€€----No Bob and Tim have asked for leave.

A. anyone B. somebody C. everyone D. nobody

学生根据语法规则，一看到疑问句便会选择A项，并认为这太简单了。但由下文的信息：“不，Bob和Tim请假了。”便知，这实际上是课堂上或其他一些场合经常用到的交际用语，意思是：“大家到齐了吗？”。故答案为C. 必须注意，语法规则必须融入到语言情景之中，使其达到交际的目的，决不能孤立地使用。

此类考题是考查学生在特定语境中准确运用语法知识的能力。考题中语境的设置较为自然、巧妙，要求考生选择的不只是正确答案，而是最佳答案。因此，考生答题时，一定要准确把握语境，通盘考虑，分析语法成分，从而选取正确答案。

8. The home improvements have taken what little there is _____ my spare time.

A. from B. in C. of D. at

许多考生受“in one’s spare time”固定搭配的影响，在没有分析句子结构的前提下而错选B. 事实上，后面的从句可以还原为：What little of my spare time there is. 从句中的little是名词，意思是“the small amount ”，常与“of”搭配。题干句意为：“改善家庭居住条件占去了我仅有的一点业余时间。”经过这样化繁为简，我们就很容易看清原句的结构，从而选择正确答案C.

此类填空题在题干的设计上把词汇、习惯用语放在一个特定的语言环境中来考查，从而加大了考查语言运用能力的难度。因此，答题时不要孤立地看某一短语，要通过上下文所给的信息进行分析，弄清整个句子结构，推断某一习惯用法、固定短语在具体语境中的运用。

9. If anybody calls tell them I’m out and ask them to _____ their name and address.

A. pass B. write C. take D. leave

考生容易受母语“写下姓名和地址”这一习惯表达方式的影响而错选B. 但该题考查具体语境中动词的辨析。该句的意思是：“如果有人打电话，告诉他我出去了，请他留下姓名和地址。”所以B. leave“留下”才是正确答案。

对于此类考题，学生容易受母语的影响而错选答案。虽然汉语和英语之间有许多相同之处，但也存在不少差异。因此，考生答题时必须弄清两者之间的区别，分辨语境，消除母语负迁移带来的影响。

四、推测法

考生对于少数难题、迷惑题而望而生畏。但考生可根据题干特定信息，句子结构，语法进行有理有据的合理推测，排除掉错误答案，从而找出正确的答案。

10. Peter _____ come with us tonight but he isn’t very sure yet.

A. must B. can C. may D. will

题干中的信息有“……但他还不十分肯定。”由此推测他不是“必须来”，不是“将会来”，也不是“能够来”，而是“可能来”，因而C为正确答案。

11. _____ from Beijing to London!

A. How long way it is B. What a long way is it

C. How long way is it D. What a long way it is

way是可数名词，首先排除A、C. 此句不是问句，根据句子结构要求，要用陈述句的语序，因此，正确答案为D.

12. If there were no examinations we should have a _____ school.

A. the happiest time B. a more happier time

C. much happiest time D. a much happier time

B、C的形式明显有错，首先排除，重点考虑A、D，此句没有三者以上的范围，仅是“有考试”与“没有考试”两种情况的对照，所以D为正确答案。

当使用推测法对某个选项的意义用法不明确时，而这个选项又恰恰是正确答案，可以将错误选项逐个剔除，确定剩余的一个为正确答案。

五、还原法

在解答那些题干为感叹句，倒装句，强调句等打乱了正常语序的单项选择题时，考生可以将其还原为正常语序后的简单句，陈述句再作选择的方法。这类题题干复杂，多元化，容易干扰考生的思路。因此做这类题时，采用还原法打破考生的定向思维，突破考点，培养学生的创造性思维，逆向思维，以便考生在解题过程中，保持清醒的头脑，挖掘出题目的核心，考点，快速找到正确答案。

13. What a lovely day _____?

A. is it B. isn’t it C. is he D. isn’t he

对于反意疑问句的构成，考生再熟悉不过了。但对于这种特殊的反意疑问句，考生可能就无从下手了，甚至连正确答案给出来了也看不明白。如果我们采用还原法，将题干What a lovely day!这个感叹句还原成陈述句：It’s a lovely day. 这样，再将此句变成反意疑问句，考生便会恍然大悟，从而得出答案B.

14. Whom would you rather have _____ with you?

A. to go B. go C. gone D. going

考生由于受语法规则的影响，have后应接to go或gone 这样容易误选A或C. 如果我们将此题改为陈述句，即为：You would rather have whom _____ with you. 这样我们一眼就可以看出答案为B. 本题的考点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用动词原形表示将来。

15. It was _____ computer games that cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons.

A. to have played B. playing C. played D. having played

此题题干我们判断是否为强调句，采用还原法，即去掉题干中的it is (was) …that (who) …如果句子仍然成立，能够表达完整的意思，则是强调句；否则，则不是强调句型。去掉it was … that后，变为_____computer games cost the boy a lot of time he ought to have spent on his lessons.很容易看出本题应为-ing形式短语作主语，但不必用完成式。正确答案为B.

六、省略法

高考例题者常常利用熟悉的句型结构，在其中插入一些词、短语搭配、插入语和定语从句来制造“陷阱”，增加创新力度，产生迷惑性，似是而非，从而让考生在非常神气的心情中快速地得出错误的答案导致失分。这就要求考生对整个语言环境进入深入分析，在较高的能力水平上，细心而自如地运用一个或几个知识点来解题。这样，我们在分析句子结构的基础上采用省略法，省掉插入成分的前提下，简化句子结构，从而找出正确答案。

16. He has spent I think a lot ______ time in reading than she has.

A. of B. more C. much more D. of much more

此题易错选A、C. 选A形成a lot of搭配；选C形成much more time much修饰比较级。但我们通过分析题干，去掉插入语I think，该句可简化为：He has spent a lot _____ time in reading than she has. a lot相当于 much起修饰作用，而不必再用much，从而得出正确答案为B.

17. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play _____ of course made the others unhappy.

A. who B. which C. this D. what

通过分析题干，可以得知of course为插入语，将其去掉，该句简化为：Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play _____made the others unhappy. 这样，考生就很容易看出应用which代表整个主句内容，构成非限制性定语从句，正确答案为B.

18. With everything she needed ______ she went home.

A. washed B. being washed C. washing D. wash

考生初看此题，可能不知所措。我们通过分析题干得知，she needed是一个定语从句，关系代词that省略了，去掉从句，该句简化为：With everything _____ she went home. with everything _____为“with复合结构”，句意为：“把所有需要的东西洗完之后，她回家去了。”故正确答案为A.

七、补全法

与省略法相反的是，在一些单项填空题中，句子省略了某些成分的特殊结构较大地增加了试题的难度，我们可运用分析句子结构的方法，补全句子，破解难点，寻求正确答案。

19. Though ______ money his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in

对于此题，我们可以采用补全句子的方法寻找正确答案。将句子补全为：Though they lacked money his parents managed to send him to university. 这样，题干中they被省略了，lack与they呈主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，故正确答案为C.

在某些复合句中，从属连词when if once though as soon as while等引导的从句，从句的主语与主句的主语相同，常将从句的主语和谓语be动词省略，或省略主语，谓语动词采用分词形式。

20. Boris has brains. In fact I doubt whether anyone in the class has ______ IQ.

A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest

通过分析句子结构，该题省略了than he does. 将其补全应为：Boris has brains. In fact I doubt whether anyone in the class has ______ IQ than he does. 所以应用比较级，并且此处的比较级表达最高级的含义，从而得出正确答案为B.

21. ----What made her mother so angry?

---- ______ the exam.

A. Because she didn’t pass B. Her not passing

C. She didn’t D. Because her not passing

通过分析句子结构，将答语部分补全为：_____ the exam made her mother so angry. 可以看出少了一个主语，而能用作主语的是答案B. 这个选项是一个动名词的复合结构。

八、时态背景分析法

时态是高考的重要内容之一，而在考题中往往不给出具体的时间，从而增加解题难度。而历年高考对动词时态的考查偏重于过去进行时，现在/ 过去完成时，一般将来时或“特殊”过去时。这就要求考生认真分析动作所发生的时间，想象在那个特定时间动作所发生的背景，结合题意，选择正确时态。

22. My mind wasn't on what he was saying so I'm afraid I ______ half of it.

A. was missing B. had missed C. will miss D. missed

此题没有确切的时间，但我们可根据前一分句的时态去分析，前句用过去时，so在这里连接的是并列句，I’m afraid为插入语，所以后面也用一般过去时，保持时态的一致性。故正确答案为D。可能有的考生受中文思维的影响，认为脑袋里想着“已经错过”，发生在“正在说什么”之前而误选B。其实，这里并没有体现出“过去的过去”的背景，前后两个分句的动作应是同时发生的。

23. The reporter said that the UFO ____ east to west when he saw it.(NMET2000)

A. was travelling B. travelled C. had been travelling €€D. was to travel

由when引导的时间状语从句体现过去的特定时间点，即：当记者看见飞碟的时候，飞碟正在自东向西飞行。也就是说，记者看到飞碟的那一刻，它正在飞行。故正确答案为A。

24. The price ____ but I doubt whether it will remain so.(NMET'99)

A. went down B. will go down C. has gone down D. was going down

根据后一分句doubt时态可知，时间参照点为现在，表示到现在为止价格已下降。故正确答案为C。如果将后一分句改为：but I doubted whether it would remain so. 则正确答案为had gone down. 因为下降这一动作发生在doubt怀疑之前，即“过去的过去”。

考生在解答此类试题时，应认真分析动作时态背景，而分析动作时态背景时，考生应细心寻找特定时间状语、时间参照点和特殊语境，并以此为突破口，进行认真的分析，从而巧妙解出对应的时态。

九、固定搭配法

英语句子中词语和词语之间有一定的“固定搭配”。主要包括短语介词，短语动词，冠词在固定搭配中的用法等。因此，如果我们熟悉这些固定搭配，就会很容易地选择正确答案。

25. For a long time they walked without saying ______ word. Jim was

the first to break_____ silence

A. the; a B. a; the; C. a;不填 D. the;不填

该题看似考查冠词，实际上是考查冠词在固定搭配中的用法。这里say a word表示“说话”；break the silence表示“打破沉默”。故正确答案为B.

26. Everyone in the town knew him so we had no difficulty _____ his house.

A. find B. found C. finding D. to find

根据固定搭配动词短语have difficulty in doing sth. 其中in可以省略。故正确答案为C.

27. He joined us ______ a new way of increasing production.

A. in search of B. in search for

C. in the search of D. in searching of

此题考查介词短语的用法。与此相关的正确短语有：in search of in one’s search for in the search for. 故正确答案为A.

十、相似结构辨析法

命题者常把语法结构相似的句型放在同一语境中，用来考查考生对基础知识掌握的牢固程度。这就要求考生找出要考查的知识要点，并加以比较和辨析，认清它们之间的区别，从而找出正确答案。

28. The number of people invited _____ fifty but a number of them _____ absent for different reasons.

A. were; was B. was; was C. was; were D. were; were

本题考查两个相似的短语结构：a number of 和the number of. The number of people在句中作主语，指被邀请的人的数量，后面的谓语应用单数形式；a number of them意思是many of them. 后面的谓语动词用复数形式。故正确答案为C.

29. ----The light in the office is still on.

----Oh I forgot ______.

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

该题考查的是：forget to do sth. 和forget doing sth. 在用法上的区别。前者意思是“忘记了要做某事”，而后者则是“忘记曾经做过某事”。根据句中提供的情景“办公室还亮着灯”，可判断出正确答案为C.

30. _____ many times he still couldn’t understand it.

A. Having been told B. Though he had told

C. He had been told D. Having told him

根据语境，选项应用被动语态形式，即只能从A、C中选取正确答案。可能有的考生认为A、C都可以，选C更为正确。其实，通过分析题干，句中缺少连词，因为在英语中，两个单句之间若是逗号，必须要有一个连词；否则，要用分号或用不能单独使用的句法成份。根据题意，having been told作状语。故正确答案为A. 若要选C，则可将题干改为：_____ many times but he still couldn’t understand it.

总之，在答题时，我们既要注意将语法、语境和语言文化背景相结合，€€€€又要注意从多方面提高€€解题技巧，最终提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。

考专四的一些小诀窍

admin — 2008-12-22 9:09:06

听力部分：听写首先要特别注意听写的题目因为它是整篇听写的总提纲而且在听写中这个题目肯定会出现。然后最好是在平时的练习中设立一些自己惯用的缩写形式。对于有些听不懂的单词也不要着急，最重要的是要听出整个句子。因为听写的文章一般都不会很难，你可以猜一下单词。还有，听第一便的时候，最好先在草稿上写出每一句的开头，这样的话有助你后面的听写。

听力注意选项的迷惑，有时候太简单的的答案一定不会是它。如果有两个选项基本一样但细节不一样，那就一定是在这两个选项里选了。听新闻的时候一定要在听的时候注意选项。要是你听到了某个选项里的有关单词，那就是它了。因为新闻不会有太多的转折，它一般是平铺直述的。

完型填空：如果有HOWEVER这个单词的选项，那基本上就是它了。有些选项其实会在文中出现。还有一些固定搭配，平时要注意积累。这部分考语法的很少，有也是从句部分的，注意THAT，WHICH，WHO等的用法。一般在你拿不准的情况下，选WHICH的可能性大。如果有IN WHICH这样的选项，那就选它。

词汇与语法：把历年的真题全部做熟来。万变不离其中。是真的，而且我特别要讲一下下面这个语法。If he had worked hard,...........它在考题中一般会设成下种形式Had he worked hard........如果是否定形式那么要注意NOT是加在HE 的后面。

阅读理解：大家一定要注意时间。因为这部分在最后，考过试的就知道第一部分试卷到了一定的时间是要交的。很多人根本就没时间来做完，但我甚至还有时间检查。关键在于跳读。其实里面有很大一部分是废话，与选项无关的。大家肯定都知道要先看问题再去看文章，但要注意，你要看懂问题来。然后就直接去文章里找答案。有一些问题是可以直接找到答案的。如果是关于作者的态度或者是给文章最好的标题，那就要特别注意最后一段了。态度绝大部分是中立的。标题最好是用排除法来选。记得用铅笔在看的过程中划出与选项有关的部分，这样方便检查。选项中太绝对的答案肯定是不对的，太简短的也不是。一般是很完整的，很全面的，很委婉的，很中立的答案才是对的。如果选项中有类似与俗语之类的，那一般是选它。如果你实在没时间做了，那么就选最长的那个选项。

写作：便条背吧很简单的

文章三段式，背几个基本句型，多写几个从句，其实很简单的，最好不要打草稿，作文的时间也不是很宽裕的。注意字要写好看点！！！！

以上所说的是我的一些经验。很临时抱佛脚的那种。要想考好还是要平时多练，要是时间不多了，就不要背单词了，真的，很浪费时间。又没有效。只要把你每天作题时碰到的单词背一下就够了。然后注意复习你做过的题目。不要一错再错。听力就平时多听，没有好的办法了。考试前注意调整你的作息时间，很多人习惯晚睡晚起，这样很不好，因为考试是在早上8点。你要7点钟起来准备一下。在考前一个礼拜的时候开始调整你的习惯。考试时千万不要紧张，就和平时做题一样，记得考前一定要去上厕所，就算你没有尿意也最好去一下。考前少喝水，起床后最好运动一下，让自己HIGH一下。考试时注意时间，有些做不出的题就别管它，说不定等下你就知道了。任何不知道的选项就选C，它的几率是最大的。其实我习惯最后做语法，因为它是由三十个独立的小题组成的，不像完型或阅读，都是一个整体。不过，每个人有每个人的做题习惯。总之，就是希望大家可以在考试中考出好的成绩。

08年BEC考试答题技巧：写作(1)

admin — 2008-12-19 9:01:34

概述

　　风格：两篇写作，1篇是正式，1篇是非正式。

　　1）短篇：memo, note, email

　　2）长篇：fax, proposal , letter（诉信、道歉信、邀请信、询价信、感谢信等）, report （report on...、introduction、findings、conclusions、recommendations前面四个一个也不能少，至于最后的recommendations要看当时的题目要求）

　　要求

　　•the purpose of the correspondence

　　•references to previous communication

　　•factual details

　　•the feelings and attitude of the writer

　　•the level of formality

　　•the opening sentence

　　•the closing sentence

　　•paragraphing

　　•the desired outcome

　　PART ONE

　　You work for a company which produces laser printers. You are visiting another company, Softcell, to buy some company software for your department. They have expressed an interest in your company's printers and you would like to take twenty brochures and three sample printers with you.

　　Write a short note to Mr. Jim Asano, the Sales Manager.

　　Asking for his permission to take these items.

　　Explaining why you want them.

　　Mentioning the time and date when you want to collect them.

　　总体：这是一篇小作文，要求写一个MEMO，字数要求40-50字。本作文难度较大。

　　1. 审题：

　　本文审题会出现很大问题，大约有70%的考生或多或少对题目产生误解，30%的考生出现严重误读，导致分数不及格。

　　请理清楚本文人物关系：你公司生产激光打印机（laser printers），Softcell是另一家生产软件的公司。You are visiting another company, Softcell, to buy some company software for your department. 本句中许多考生对are visiting理解错误，认为是已经访问过或正在访问。事实上高中语法中就学过be doing在某些时候表将来，也就是说你将要去Softcell公司买软件。而Softcell公司表示对你公司生产的打印机有兴趣，所以你要在买软件的同时带小册子和打印机的样品给Softcell公司。你现在要给你们公司的销售经理写信申请小册子和样品。许多考生容易产生误解，认为自己是给Softcell公司的经理写信，把自己的产品吹嘘了一通，或是申请从别人公司拿小册子和打印机样品。需要提醒考生的是BEC中级中考到的MEMO一般是公司内部交流的信件，机会不会出现给公司外部的人写MEMO。

　　练口语得准备好资料！！！

　　2. 字数：

　　字数要求是40-50字，一般要求写三句话，每句话讲明白一个信息即可，不需要展开太多的细节。太多或太少都不好。写作中需要充分利用题干中的信息。许多考生句子写的很短，许多小短句连在一起，这样的写作不符合英语的特点。例如：I would like to attend a seminar. It is about presentation skills. It will be held this Friday. 建议合句：I would like to attend a seminar on presentation skill this Friday. 也有些考生喜欢写长句，句子长了之后不好驾驭，容易出现问题，产生扣分。

　　3. 错误：

　　语法错误、词汇使用错误都会产生扣分。

　　例如：

　　I was asked to take twenty brochures and three sample printers out because of our products are interested by the Softcell Company.

　　本句中出现because of和interest的使用错误。Because of 后面只能加名词或动名词，不能加句子。Interest的用法：sb. is interested in sth./sth. is interesting to sb./sth. interest sb.

　　4. 范文：

　　Model writing

　　To: Mr. Jim Asano

　　From: Diana, Sales Dept.

　　Date: April 7th

　　Subject: Asking for brochures and sample printers

　　I will visit Sfttcell Co. to buy the computer software for our department next Tuesday April 15th. I want to gain your permission to take twenty brochures and three sample printers with me since they are quite interested in our products. If you can approve this, I would like to collect the items before next Monday.

　　Thank you

　　Diana

　　评析：本篇MEMO正确理解题目、覆盖所有要点、语言表达清晰流畅、无语法和词汇使用错误。可以得到BAND 5

单项填空题解题技巧十法

admin — 2008-12-8 9:47:58

备考新四级常考短语

admin — 2008-11-30 8:56:53

1. at the thought of一想到…

　　2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论

　　3. at will 随心所欲

　　4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有

　　5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解

　　6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,

　　7. of one’s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地

　　8. in accord with 与…一致 . out of one’s accord with 同….不一致

　　9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地

　　10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据

　　11. on one’s own account

　　1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益

　　2) (=at one’s own risk) 自行负责

　　3) (=by oneself)依靠自己

　　12. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

　　13. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释 (理由)

　　14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.

　　15. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.

　　16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

　　17. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 指控,控告

　　18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.

　　19. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

　　20. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

　　21. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

　　22. adapt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)

　　23. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之

　　24. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

　　25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循

　　26. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的

　　27. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;

　　28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.

　　29. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.

　　30. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.

　　31. have an advantage over 胜过.

　　have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件

　　have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

　　32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.

　　33. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意

　　34. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致

　　35. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;……………. ahead of time 提前.

　　36. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.

　　37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.

　　38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计

　　39. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.

　　40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.

　　41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.

　　42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.

　　43. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.

　　44. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for

　　45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉

　　46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

　　47. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用.

　　48. apply to 与…有关;适用

　　49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准

50. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.

　　51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…

　　52. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);

　　53. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻

　　54. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.

　　55. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系 ,结

　　56. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…

　　57. attend to (=give one’s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料

　　58. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法

　　59. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果

　　60. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均

　　61. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.

　　62. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面

　　63. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one’s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.

　　64. at one’s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one’s back 有…支持, 有…作后台

　　65. turn one’s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃

　　66. behind one’s back 背着某人(说坏话)

　　67. be based on / upon 基于

　　68. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上

　　69. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢

　　70. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)

　　71. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义

　　72. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.

　　73. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.

　　74. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)

　　75. for the better 好转

　　76. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.

　　77. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统 at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生

　　78. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上

　　79. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)

　　80. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机

　　81. boast of (or about) 吹嘘

　　82. out of breath 喘不过气来

　　83. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之

　　84. in bulk 成批地,不散装的

　　85. take the floor 起立发言

　　86. on business 出差办事.

　　87. be busy with sth.于某事。 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

　　88. last but one 倒数第二.

　　89. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设

　　90. buy sth. for…money 用多少钱买

　　91. be capable of 能够, 有能力

　　be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的

　　92. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何

　　93. in case (=for fear that) 万一;

　　94. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一，in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

　　95. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)

　　96. be cautious of 谨防

　　97. center one’s attention on(=focus one’s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上

　　98. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.

　　99. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地

　　100. by chance(=accidentally, by accident)偶然

如何才能更好地写好英文作文--资料总结

it — 2008-11-3 9:06:58

如何才能更好地写好英文作文--资料总结

我们的擂台赛进行了一百多期，得到了大家的鼎立支持。每一期都有很多的会员参与。很多人也的确从练习中得到了提高，更多人也从参与中体验到写作的乐趣。但总的来讲我们的写作水平还不高，在交流中也得知，很多会员也希望能够参与多点，也希望能够真正提升自己的写作水平。但是苦于无从下笔，不知如何下手。由于时间和水平问题，本人也无法一一回答，真的很抱歉。但是我发现在我们的论坛中有很多的资源，也是很好的资源，我们都是可以学习并运用到我们的写作中来，有些虽然有点八股文的味道，但未尝不是一种可以先行的方式，有些是有点片面，但在某些方面还是有一定的参考价值。衷心地希望我们能够从中吸取有用的精华，确确实实地提升我们的写作能力，这也是我们举办擂台赛的初衷。

下面是其中一部分的链结，大家可以仔细地看一下，后续我们会适时补充。希望大家有所思，有所得！

也欢迎大家分享你写作的经验或心得。

如何写记叙文

记叙文是记人叙事的文章，它主要是用于说明事件的时间、背景、起因、过程及结果，即我们通常所说的五个“ W ”（ what, who, when, where, why ）和一个“ H ”（ how ）。记叙文的重点在于“述说”和“描写”，因此一篇好的记叙文要叙述条理清楚，描写生动形象。下面就谈谈英语记叙文的特点和写好记叙文的基本要领。具体的可以查看

http://www.ebigear.com/news-271-50657.html

英语写作绝招

世上无绝招，无招胜有招。

http://www.ebigear.com/news-271-50182.html

考研英语作文万能模板

所谓万能这个概念，如果大家都去这么用的话，就等于没有用了。PartB部分是有的，但是partA没有，PartB可以基本上把这个文章全写完的一个模板方式。万能模板，你这么想，大家告诉我，只要一个题目能够转变成一社会现象之后，最好准备两到三套大的万能无敌模式。关于万能模式的几个问题：http://www.ebigear.com/news-321-49792.html

如何掌握英语写作技巧

1. 掌握技巧——如何写好篇章结构
2. 巧用连接词——连接上下文的关键
3. 落实基础——句型练习

http://www.ebigear.com/news-17-32877.html

实用写作模版

http://www.ebigear.com/news-271-49129.html

英语写作剖析：必须掌握的九大技巧

http://www.ebigear.com/news-17-34404.html

英语写作技巧

http://www.ebigear.com/news-88-33062.html

added on Jul.08, 08

全国公共英语PETS三级作文经典辅导

http://www.ebigear.com/news-167-15511.html

掌握英语写作基本技巧

http://www.ebigear.com/news-88-3072.html

关于英文便条

admin — 2008-10-26 9:08:15

英语写作关于英文便条

便笺（便条）和短信

一、概述

　　便条也是书信的一种形式。它的特点是内容简短，主要有临时性的询问、留言、通知、要求等。跟正规书信相比，便条的语言比较口头化，比如要通知某事只需这样开头：Just a line to tell you that ...而无须像正规书信那样This is to inform you that ...开头。另外，在便条中常出现省略现象，例如：“key to back door is under mat.”或者“key to back door under mat .”(后门钥匙在垫子下面)代之以“The key to the back door is under the mat.”。

　　结束时也无需结尾礼词，只需写上写便条者姓名。如果是关系比较近的人，则只需写上姓或名。

　　便条的日期通常写在右上角。一般只写上星期几或者星期几上午或下午，也可写上午、下午的具体时刻。日常应用中，写上几月几日的也很普遍。但一般不写年份，因为便条的内容多半是当日或近日内要办的事情。写便条时，不得事先准备，因此无固定格式，大多用手写。

　　二、注意事项

　　1.词句简洁，尽量避免应酬语和各种敬词

　　2.切忌内容空洞、言不达意。

　　三、分类举例

　　1）请假（Asking for Leave）

　　例1

　　Directions: You are about to write a Business Leave Note of about 100 words. Please describe this information clearly.

　　1) the reason you ask for the leave

　　2) the time and how long you will leave

　　Class 4, Grade 3

　　Aug. 22nd

　　To Department Office

　　Secretary Li,

　　I’m sorry to apply for ten day’s leave from the Aug. 23rd to Sept, 3rd instant. As I have to leave with the time is urgent. My father now in the hospital is badly ill. I have to go to see him and take care of him for a few days. You know I’m the only child in my family. Of course I will show you the telegram about my father’s illness which is received from my mother to support my application.

　　As concern as the missed lessons during my absence, I promise I will do my best to catch them on after I come back to the campus. Wish for your allowance.

　　Yours respectfully

　　×××

　　*本文是一封请假条，一般我们要向上级或老师请假，通常用的是ask for leave这个短语，请三天假可写作：ask for three days’ leave;因病请假则是ask for sick leave. leave在这里是名词用法，文中用的短语是apply for意为“申请”，含有更加郑重的意味，常用于下级对上级或晚辈对长辈的书面语中，“Only child”意为“独生子女”相应的，“独生女”译作“only daughter”而“独生子”译作“only son”. As concern as.后面跟名词性结构，意为“涉及到，至于”与Concerning同意，两者可以互换。

　　2)约请(Invitation)

　　例

　　Directions: You have a ticket to the Russian National Ballet Troupe, which is visiting and you want to give it to your friend Alice. Write a note to her and say:

　　1) the time of the show,

　　2) the place where you will wait for her

　　You should write about 100 words.

　　Sunday

　　Dear Alice,

　　Here is a piece of good news for you. The Russian National Ballet Troupe, which is now on a visit in Beijing, will give a performance in the Beijing Grand Theater tomorrow evening. I am sure that you will be happy to watch it. Here I leave you an admission card. The performance will begin at seven o’clock sharp. I will wait for you at the theater entrance. Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming or not.

　　×××

　　* 约朋友一起去看戏，可是朋友不在家，只好留下票子和一张便条，但又怕朋友来不了，所以在便条最后特地写上“如果你来不了，告诉我一声”（Please let me know whether you are prevented from coming）此文的wait for也可以用expect 代替。

　　3)道歉（Apology）

　　人非圣贤，孰能无过。在社会交往中，人们常常会出现一些疏忽、过失等。如果发生此类事情，就会给对方带来麻烦和不便。为了避免误解，不影响感情，在这种情况下，应写信给对方予以解释，以请求谅解。

　　此类信要写得及时，态度要诚恳，用词需谦逊。一般在信一开始就向对方表示歉意或内疚，然后说明原因并提出补救的办法。

　　例1

　　Directions: You have missed a date of your friend, now you have to write a letter for appologization in about 100 words.

　　May 20th

　　Dear Lily,

　　I am sorry I missed seeing you yesterday. I know that you must have been disappointed. I also feel worried and anxious in my heart. The fact is that my manager at the last moment asked me to prepare a urgent plan while I could not get to a phone to call you and yesterday I have worked late until about 8:30 p. m. I am terribly sorry.

　　 However, I would like to ask you out this weekend to make up for yesterday. Please give me a chance and I am waiting for your reply.

　　×××

　　* 临时有事未能赴约，一定要把事情解释清楚并真诚的道歉，最好能有弥补（to make up），就像这封信里所说的那样，邀请对方周末再碰头（I would like to ask you out this weekend）注意英文句子you must have been disappointed中情态动词的用法：情态动词+完成时态，表示过去行为。这句话应该理解为“你当时一定感到很失望”。

　　例2

　　Directions: You have received a invitation from your friend, but you have already had some guests in your house. Please express the reason you can’t go clearly in about 100 words.

　　6. April

　　Dear Lucy,

　　I do apologize for having to send this letter about Saturday night.

　　When I accepted your invitation, I simply forgot that Saturday was a holiday and that my own guests were not leaving until Sunday morning. It is difficult for me to make a choice. Though I also wonder to meet you very much. I could not very well go out by myself and leave the guests at my home.

　　I hope you know how sorry I am not to be with you this Saturday. Should I make a visit to you in my other spare time?

　　Thank you very much.

　　×××

　　* 自己家里有客人，自然不方便再接受别人邀请去做客所以可以明正言顺的表示拒绝或可另约时间。英文要强调谓语动词，可以加上助动词，例如：

　　I do apologize for being late.

　　He did come yesterday.

　　例3

　　Directions: You are already have a date with your friend but suddenly have another thing to do and you have to tell your friend that you can’t go. Express your reason clearly in about 100 words.

　　Monday 9:00 a.m

　　Dear Jane,

　　I am sorry to tell you that I won’t be able to come this afternoon because I have to go to the airport at 2:00 p. m. to meet an overseas visitor from Australia. I really have kept our date in my mind all these days, however, I received my boss’ e-mail this morning, he asked me to go to the airport to meet one of his friends from abroad, it’s suddenly and urgent and I must go. Please forgive me. Would you please ring me up to make another time?

　　Many thanks.

　　×××

　　* 因有事而不能赴约，只能另约时间（to make或to fix another time）。写信人Bluce很可能是英国人，因为他把“打电话”说成to ring somebody up，美国人通常说to call somebody。英国人打电话还可以说 to give somebody a ring，不要错以为别人要送你个戒指。与别人已经定好的约会却临时不能赴约时，应说明原因并诚恳地道歉，以期获得别人的谅解。

4）借物(Borrowing)

　　例

　　Directions: You are going to write a note for borrowing sth. Please describe this information clearly.

　　1) the thing you ask

　　2) detailed what you are going to do with it.

　　3) how long will you take it.

　　Tuesday

　　Dear Xiao Wang:

　　I wonder if I could borrow your electronic dictionary for a few days. Now I am translating some important articles. There are many new words which I have to look up the dictionary usually. I just have a paper dictionary but of course it’s not as convenient as the electronic one, which has a bad effect upon my velocity of my translating. So I think your electronic dictionary is more suitable for me to complete my work. I promise that I must be very careful of your dictionary and make no damage done on it. Thank you very much!

　　Yours ever

　　×××

　　*字典是我们日常生活中常用的学习工具，但是千万不能直接从字面上认为“查字典”就是“check the dictionary”，而应该用“look up”这个固定短语来表达。

　　“影响……”有一个很地道的短语。“have effect upon/on”,后面接受影响的人或物，如果是积极影响就在have和effect之间加a good ，反之，就加“a bad”其他的形容词例如great， remarkable也可以用来修饰effect，此词在这里是名词。

　　5）回复友人问侯(Reply for Regards)

　　例

　　Directions: You have just had an operation, and received a note of regards from your friend Jenny. Now please write a reply to her to tell her your current situation.

　　You should write about 100 words.

　　Jan.8th.

　　Dear Jenny,

　　Thanks for your letter of sympathy I received the day before yesterday. The operation on my leg was a wonderful success. You know I had been suffering a lot from my leg since my childhood. The operation removed the cause of trouble. It is quite worth having the operation. I am daily recovering from my illness. I’m confident I will soon be in the office again after proper treatment. Thank you for kind wishes.

　　My best wishes to all your family

　　×××

　　*这是对好友问侯便条的回复。形式简单，内容明了。过去完成进行时“I had been suffering…my childhood”表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。

　　例2

　　Directions: Your father is seriously ill, and you want to go back home. Write a note to the secretary and it should include.

　　1) the cause for leaving;

　　2) the days: from 16th to 21 st;

　　3) Catch on the lesson after returning school.

　　July 5th

　　Dear Miss Huang,

　　My sister called me last night, and she said that my father is dangerously ill. I beg to apply for seven days’ leave of absence from 16th to 21st instant, in order that I can see my beloved father.

　　I should be much obliged if you would grant me my application. As regards the lessons to be missed during my absence, I will do my best to make up for them as soon as I get back from home.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　×××

　　*本格式采用The Semi-indented Form（半缩进式），以前比较流行，现在人们也继续采用。I should be much obliged if you would...是一种客套语，表示“结果……，我当不胜感激。”“补课”的英文是to make up for the lessons。 as soon as意思是尽快。

四六级CET写作必备的36个经典成语

admin — 2008-8-18 8:54:04

1.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。

　　2.God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者

　　3.Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。

　　4.Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者事竟成。

　　5.One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬之千里。

　　6.Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打无往而不胜。

　　7.A fall into the pit,　a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。

　　8.Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知。

　　9.All work and no play makes jack a dull boy. 只工作不休息，聪明孩子也变傻。

　　10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance. 无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。

　　11.More hasty,less speed. 欲速则不达。

　　12.It's never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。

　　13.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。

　　14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。

　　15.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。

　　16.Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。

　　17.Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。

　　18.well begun,half done. 好的开始等于成功的一半。

　　19.It is hard to please all. 众口难调。

　　20.Out of sight,out of mind. 眼不见，心不念。

　　21.Facts speak plainer than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

　　22.Call back white and white back. 颠倒黑白。

　　23.First things first. 凡事有轻重缓急。

　　24.Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。

　　25.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

　　26.live not to eat,but eat to live. 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。

　　27.Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。

　　28.East or west,home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。

　　29.It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. 君子在德不在衣。

　　30.Beauty will buy no beef. 漂亮不能当饭吃。

　　31.Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。

　　32.The older, the wiser. 姜是老的辣。

　　33.Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。

　　34.An idle youth,a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。

　　35.AS the tree,so the fruit. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。

　　36.To live is to learn,to learn is to better live. 活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。

六级口语有多难？难在何处？

admin — 2008-8-13 8:47:34

其实6级对于小学生来说是十分困难的。让一名小学生讨论诸如旅游，钱币，服饰，规章制度，健康，购物等等社会问题是相当有难度的。

6级的要求是：考生面对问题必须提出个人的观点和看法，同时还必须用生动的，严谨的语言来说明理由。许多的考生受到年龄，知识，常识，经验的限制，在表明观点的时候缺乏深度和广度。

　　我可以举例说明：

　　Do you prefer to buy something online or at department store?

　　你喜欢网上购物还是在百货公司购物？

　　Should we go after fashion or not?

　　我们可以追随时尚吗？

　　Can we wear earring at school?

　　我们可以在学校带耳环吗？

　　这些问题看似可以简单的回答，但是根据考试的要求，考生一定要说明理由。在说明理由的时候，考生就要面对思想，词汇，表达的诸多难题。

　　You are a primary school student. What do you think of fashion?

　　你是一名小学生，你怎样看待时尚？

　　If a student is not fashionable, other people don’t like to make friends with him/her. What do you think of this fact?

　　如果一个学生不够时尚，其他人就不会和他交朋友，你怎样看待这个问题？

　　这些问题，就算是要去用中文来回答，许多考生都难以达到一定的深度，更何况是用英文呢？

　　由此看来，面对考试，考生丰富的思想，机智的反应，充足的经验，严谨的语言，生动的表达都是必不可少的。

雅思基本注意事项：一定先写大作文

admin — 2008-8-11 8:44:53

1. 一定注意考官的提示！老外特别重视平等，如果你在他让你打开考卷之前打开考卷，一旦被发现，他会把你的名字记下来，然后你就等着这项0分吧！2004年，我参加了一次雅思考试，那时候，监考感觉没有这次严，那时候我们拿到听力考卷就可以打开了；可是，这次考试的情况完全不同！我们那个考官比较冷漠，他说：“You should not open it until the tape tells you to do so!”大家知道的，雅思听力考试刚开始的时候，磁带里会叽哩呱啦说一堆废话，一般我们平时训练的时候，这段时间我们充分利用来读听力题目，但是在正式考试的时候，这段时间我们什么都不能做，只能看着听力考卷封面的字(也就是磁带里念的东西)，然后他念完了，会告诉你：“Now, open your test book to section 1.”这时候，我们才能打开考卷开始看题！在我考试的那个考场，有两个同学在听力考试的时候被记名字了！一个是因为一拿到考卷就迫不及待的打开了，另一个以为听到录音就可以开始看题了，结果考官二话没说过去把他们的名字记下了！很可惜的，不是吗？！所以后来的鸭友们一定注意了：千万按照考官说的去做！不要抢时间，那样是得不偿失的！

　　2. 当考官让你停笔的时候，一定停笔！每个考场只有20个人，考场明亮，当大家都停笔了，而你还在奋笔疾书，考官一眼就能看到的！在我那个考场，阅读时间到的时候，考官说：“OK, time is up. Stop now!”有个女生还在奋笔将答案搬到答题纸上！于是，考官也把她记下了！所以，做阅读的时候，一定做一题搬一题的答案！没有额外的时间给我们抄答案！如果考官让你停笔，记住，哪怕再不情愿也得停笔！比起5.5的阅读成绩，0分更让人无法接受，Right？！请鸭友们一定引以为戒！

　　3. 口语考试的时候，如果考官和你有眼神的交流是最好的，你也应该回报以真诚的微笑。但是，如果考官完全不理你(甚至打盹！尤其在Part 2你发表演说的时候)千万别慌，一定稳住，该怎么说还怎么说，就当在家里准备和自己说一样！我考试的时侯，那个考官竟然在打盹！我不看她还好，一看我就慌了，开始想是不是我说的很boring，分数会不会掉下来？！然后就有点语无伦次…好在马上不看她，自己重新整理了思路，继续讲完了两分钟。当然我也有些生气，在考官关了录音之后，我问她你是不是觉得很累？她竟然说考口语不需要动脑，听我们说就行了！真不尊重我们！大家如果遇到这种情况，别担心，因为你的回答都录在mp3里，考官完全有时间和机会重新听和评分！至于最后成绩会不会受影响我还不好说，得等最后成绩出来才知道，上帝保佑我最后的那句质问没有触怒她……

　　4. 还有就是关于肚子问题！一般雅思考试会要求你在8点之前到达考场，那么意味着你早上至少得在7点左右开始吃饭！那么不要到11点，吃得再多都有可能肚子饿了。我那天早上吃了两个蛋，一根玉米，一碗豆浆，一块面包(吃到自己觉得快吐了，真的太多了……)，在进考场的时候还塞了一块德芙巧克力到嘴里，于是坚持到11：40肚子才饿，那时候大作文已经写完了，小作文也构思得差不多了，肚子饿也无关痛痒了。所以建议鸭子们进考场之前多吃点巧克力，很好用滴！其实考试的时候，我也把巧克力带进去了，可是看到我们考官那么严，我都不敢动了，所以也没有吃……

　　5. 记住，作文一定先写大作文！因为作文成绩的比例是2：1，大作文占2/3，小作文占1/3，除非你的小作文能拿到8分，才能把大作文成绩往上提一个档次，否则大作文的成败才是最终作文成绩好坏的关键所在！

　　嗯，差不多就这些吧！这是我参加雅思考试的一些心得，写出来给大家参考一下，希望对大家有帮助吧！

高考英语考题:形容词

admin — 2008-8-6 8:58:29

1. It was _____ opportunity to miss.

A. too good an B. a too good

C. too a good D. too good

2. I don’t like it at all. It can’t be _____.

A. better B. worse

C. best D. worst

3. There was nothing special about this film — it was only ______.

A. particular B. average

C. interesting D. strange

4. She looks very _____ but I can’t remember her name.

A. similar B. familiar

C. friendly D. strange

5. He said he would return the money, and I was ______.

A. fool enough to believe him B. enough fool to believe him

C. fool enough believing him D. enough fool believing him

回复可见答案及解析

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附:高考必背英语词汇讲座 D(2)

2、dare not , don't dare
dare是“敢”的意思，它既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。dare not中的dare是情态动词，后接动词原形。dare作为情态动词，其过去式为dared。如：
I dare not think of it.我不敢想这事。
He dared not go near the woods in the daytime.白天，他不敢到灌木丛附近去。
作为情态动词的dare除用于否定句外，还可用于疑问句和条件句，但不能用于肯定句。如可以说 Dare you say so before your parents?和Jump now if you dare，但不可以说I dare touch it.
don't dare中的dare是实义动词，后面要接动词不定式。如：I did not dare to move.我不敢动。He had never dared to ask her to go anywhere with him.他从来不敢要求她跟他去任何地方。

作为实义动词的dare与其它实义动词一样，可以用于肯定句，疑问句和条件句等。如：She dared to go there alone.她敢一个人去那里。Do you dare to come here?你敢一个人来这儿吗？
dare与普通实义动词的不同之处在于：在否定句和疑问句中，dare后的不定式往往可以省去 to。如：He didn't dare (to) say that to my face. 他不敢当面对我说这些。Do you dare (to) climb that high mountain? 你敢爬那座高山吗？
3、dangerous, in danger
dangerous是形容词，意为“危险的”，指一切能或者可能引起危险的人或事物等，有对某人或某事物构成威胁的意味。例如：He is a dangerous person.他是一个危险的人物。It is dangerous to smoke.吸烟是危险的。
in danger是一个介词短语，意为“处于危险中”，在句中作表语，其后还可以跟of短语。在使用中，danger可由形容词great, real等修饰。其反义语是out of danger。如：
The sick man's life had been in danger, but now he was out of danger.病人的生命曾处于危险之中，现在已脱离危险。
He is in great danger of losing all his money if he continues to buy useless objects.如果他继续买这些无用的东西，他就有失去所有钱财的危险。

96-06年全国各地10年高考情态动词考试题集和答案

admin — 2008-8-4 9:24:16

26. --- I don't mind telling you what I know.（2004）

--- You . I'm not asking you for it.

A. mustn't B. may not C. can't D. needn’t

27. I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police?

A. should B. may C. will D. can

28. Mr.White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn’t’ show up.

A. should have arrived B. should arrive

C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving

29. You ______ be tired - you've only been working for an hour.

A. must not B. won' t C. can' t D. may not

30. — Who is the girl standing over there ?

— Well , if you know , her name is Mabel.

A. may B. can C. must D. shall

31. - Isn' t that Ann's husband over there?

- No, it _______ be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.

A. can't B. must not C. won't D. may not

32. -- Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.

-- You have my computer if you don't take care of it.

A. shan't B. might not C. needn't D. shouldn't

33. “The interest be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides,” declared the judge.

A. may B. should C. must D. shall

34. I ______pay Tracy a visit, but I’m not sure whether I will have time this Sunday.

A. should B. might C. would D. could

35. I ____ have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（2005）

A. shouldn’t B. couldn’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

36. There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.

A . mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

37. ----Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.

----She ____. I’ve already borrowed one.

A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t

38. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They ______ at lease 150 km an hour.

A. should have been doing B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

39. Helen ______ go on the trip with us, but she isn’t quite sure yet.

A. shall B. must C. may D. can

40. He _____ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside.

A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t

41. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.

—Well . He have gone far—his coat’s still here.

A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t

42. ---- The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.

---- Oh, dear! She _______ a lot of difficulties!

A. may go through B. might go through

C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through

43. This cake is very sweet. You __________ a lot of sugar in it.

A．should put B．could have put C．might put D．must have put

44. Tom , you leave all your clothes on the floor like this !

A．wouldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．may not

45. —Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

—Thanks. You it. I could manage it myself.

A．needn’t do B．needn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．shouldn’t have done

46. He paid for a seat, when he ______ have entered free.

A. could B. would C. must D. need

47. -- I've taken someone else's green sweater by mistake.

-- It ______ Harry's. He always wears green.

A. has to be B. will be C. mustn't be D. could be

48.If I plan to do anything I wanted to ,I’d like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.

A．would B．could C．had to D．ought to

49.—Tom is never late for work. Why is he absent today?

—Something ________ to him.

A．must happen B．should have happened

C．could have happened D．must have happened

50. John, look at the time. ___________ you play the piano at such a late hour?

A．Must B．Can C．May D．Need

51. The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it _________be very slow.

A．should B．must C．will D．can

52. There's no light on —— they______ be at home.（2006）

A. can't B. mustn't C. needn't D. shouldn't

53. We hope that as many people as-possible _______ join us for the picnic tomorrow.

A. need B. must C. should D. can

54. —— What’s the name?

——Khulaifi. _______ I spell that for you?

A. Shall B. Would C. Can D. Might

55. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we ___ get the work done.

A. can't B. may not C. shouldn't D. mustn't

56. We have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.

A. needn’t B. may not C. shouldn’t D. mustn’t

57.---Is Jack on duty today?

---It ________ be him. It's his turn tomorrow.

A. mustn't B. won't C. can't D. needn't

58.The weather turned out to be fine yesterday．I _______ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me．

A．should have taken B．could have taken C．needn't have taken D，mustn't have taken

59. As you worked late yesterday, you _________ have come this morning.

A. mayn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

60.If it were not for the fact that she _______ sing, I would invite her to the party.

A. couldn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. might not

61.__________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.

A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be

62.Some aspects of a pilot’s job ________ be boring, and pilots often _______ work at inconvenient hours.

A. can; have to B. may; can C. have to; may D. ought to; must

63. --- I think I’ll give Bob a ring.

--- You _______. You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.

A. will B. may C. have to D. should

64. -- Must he come to sign this paper himself?

-- Yes, he .

A. need B. must C. may D. will

65.--- Could I have a word with you, mum?

--- Oh dear, if you ________.

A. can B. must C. may D. should

66. ——May I smoke here ?

——If you ____, choose a seat in the smoking section.

A. should B. could C. may D. must

2004-2006答案：

26-30 DAACC 31-35 AADAB 36-40 CCBCB 41-45 CDDBB

46-50ADBDB 51-55DADCA 56-60B CCDC 61-65BADBB 66 D

阅读理解擂台赛

admin — 2008-7-20 9:17:59

One of my favorite posters says, “ Life is a test. It is only a test. Had this been a real life you would have been instructed where to go and what to do.” Whenever I think of this humorous bit of wisdom, it reminds me to not take my life so seriously.

　　When you look at life and its many challenges as a test, or series of tests, you begin to see each issue you face as an opportunity to grow, a chance to discover more about life. Whether you're being bombarded（攻击；质问） with problems, responsibilities,even insurmountable（不能克服的，不能超越的） difficulties, when looked at as a test, you always have a chance to succeed, in the sense of rising above that which is challenging you. If, on the other hand, you see each new issue you face as a serious battle that must be won in order to survive, you're probably in for a very rocky journey. The only time you're likely to be happy is when everything is working out just right. And we all know how often that happens.

　　As an experiment, see if you can apply this idea to something you are forced to deal with. Perhaps you have much pressure from your parents or you have a demanding boss. See if you can redefine the issue you face from being a “ problem” to being a test. Rather than struggling with your issue, see if there is something you can learn from it. Ask yourself, “ Why is this an issue in my life? What would it mean and what would be involved to rise above it? Could I possibly look at this issue any differently? Can I see it as a test of some kind?”

　　If you give this strategy a try you may be surprised at your changed responses. It has become far more acceptable to me to accept things as they are.

1. According to the passage,what is the author's attitude towards life?
　　A.He takes his life seriously.
　　B.He considers life as test.
　　C.He knows where to go and what to do.
　　D.He thinks life is full of humorous wisdom.

2. When you begin to consider life as a test,you will find _____.
　　A.you are bombarded with problems and responsibilities
　　B.the result of the test is so good that you are delighted
　　C.you have many opportunities to grow
　　D.you have to go to school to take tests everyday

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the author?
　　A.When you look at life as a test, you have a chance to overcome problems you face.
　　B.When you take life seriously, you are more likely to succeed and become happy.
　　C.When you see each problem as a serious battle, you have more chance to survive.
　　D.When everything is working out just right, you can know how often it happens.

4. It is implied from the passage that you'd better look at life as a test when_____.
　　A.you try to get the meaning of the poster
　　B.your parents give you much pressure
　　C.you are carrying out an experiment
　　D.you are in a rocky journey

5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
　　A.My Favorite Poster
　　B.Take Life Seriously
　　C.Face Challenge of Life
　　D.Life Is Only A Test

Vocabulary:

(in order to improve your ability of guessing words, you'd better see this section after you answer the quenstions)

1. demanding adj.过分要求的，苛求的

*To be a CEO of a big company is a real demanding job. 当大公司的执行总裁真的是一件费力的工作。

大学四级短文理解

admin — 2008-7-18 8:49:13

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实用英语写作技巧

admin — 2008-7-16 8:49:04

例:

1．1段落

段落是构成文章的一组句子。段落必须表达完整的意思：或描写事物（describe something），或争论某事（argue about something），或对某事提出疑问（question something），或要求什么（demand something），或给事物下定义（define something），或驳斥某观点（reject something）。

1．2典型段落的构成

一个典型的段落通常由三部分组成：（1）主题句（the topic sentence）；（2）说明或支持主题的推展句（ supporting sentences）；（3）结论句（the concluding sentence）（有些段落没有该部分）。

示范段落1-1

We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit because it causes health problems． Doctors say it can be a direct cause of cancer of the lungs and throat and can also contribute to cancer of other organs． In addition， it can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases． It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society．

1．3示范段落分析

这是一个典型的段落，可概括提纲如下：

主题句： We all know that cigarette smoking is a dangerous habit，because it causes health problems．

推展句： 1． Doctors say it can be a direc cause of cancer of the lungs and throat and can also contribute to cancer of other organs．

2． It can bring about other health problems such as heart and lung diseases．

结论句： It is clearly identified as one of the chief causes of death in our society．

从以上提纲可见，主题句提出了一个问题： What kind of health problems does cigarette smoking cause？随后的两个推展句回答了这个问题，结论句总结了推展句并再一次强调主题句。

Exercise 1-1

Directions： Read the following paragraphs and find out the topic sentence， the supporting details and the concluding sentence， if there is one．

（1）

The need for wildlife protection is greater now than ever before．About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction,，and the rate at which they are being destroyed has increased． With mammals， for instance， the rate of extinction is now about one species every year； from A． D． 1 to 1800， the ratewas about one species every fifty years． Everywhere， men are trying o solve the problem of preserving wildlife while caring at the same time for the world’s growing population．

Topic Sentence：____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Details： 1．________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2．_______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Concluding Sentence：________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

（2）

The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs．For example， in both America and England， people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time． Also， most English men will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman， and so will most Americans． Promptness is important both in England and in America． That is， if a dinner invitation is for 7 o’clock， the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay．

Topic Sentence：____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Details： 1．______________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2．_______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3．________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Concluding Sentence：________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

（3）

Birds use many different materials to build nests．Some birds use bits of grass． The tailor-bird of Africa and India uses grass to sew leaves together． Other birds find twigs and pebbles useful．

Topic Sentence：_____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Details： 1．_____________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

2．______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

3．______________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

Concluding Sentence：_______________________________________

______________________________________________________________